Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2025-2032

The Global Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment Market was valued at USD 1,486 million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2,619.18 million by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.50% during the forecast period (2023–2032). This growth is primarily driven by rising liver disease prevalence, increasing awareness about neurological complications, and advancements in therapeutic interventions for hepatic encephalopathy management.

As hepatology and neurology research converges to address this complex condition, pharmaceutical companies are accelerating innovation in medication formulations and delivery systems. In this report, we analyze the Top 10 Companies Dominating the Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment Landscape—featuring industry leaders, specialty pharma innovators, and research-driven organizations shaping patient care pathways.


🔟 1. Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals

Headquarters: Staines-upon-Thames, UK
Key Offering: Rifaximin (Xifaxan), Ammonul (sodium phenylacetate/sodium benzoate)

Mallinckrodt holds significant market share with Xifaxan®, the first FDA-approved antibiotic for reducing hepatic encephalopathy recurrence. Their specialized neurology portfolio addresses both acute episodes and maintenance therapy needs.

Innovation Focus:

  • Extended-release formulations in pipeline
  • Combination therapy research
  • Patient adherence programs

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9️⃣ 2. Salix Pharmaceuticals (Bausch Health)

Headquarters: Bridgewater, NJ, USA
Key Offering: Xifaxan® (rifaximin), Lactulose solutions

As a Bausch Health subsidiary, Salix maintains strong gastroenterology expertise with comprehensive HE treatment options including antibiotic and osmotic therapies.

Strategic Developments:

  • Real-world evidence studies for Xifaxan
  • Digital therapeutics partnerships
  • Extended patent protection strategies

8️⃣ 3. Pfizer Inc.

Headquarters: New York, NY, USA
Key Offering: Therapeutic proteins, investigative HE compounds

Pfizer’s substantial R&D investments include novel approaches targeting ammonia metabolism pathways and blood-brain barrier penetration.

Research Pipeline:

  • Phase II ammonia scavengers
  • Gene therapy collaborations
  • Microbiome modulation studies

7️⃣ 4. ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Headquarters: Tokyo, Japan
Key Offering: Lactulose formulations, regional HE therapies

This Japanese innovator leads in APAC-specific treatment protocols with tailored dosage forms for elderly hepatic patients.

Regional Advantage:

  • Japan PMDA-approved formulations
  • Asian population clinical data
  • Hospital partnership network

6️⃣ 5. Janssen Pharmaceuticals (Johnson & Johnson)

Headquarters: Beerse, Belgium
Key Offering: Investigational HE compounds, diagnostic tools

Janssen’s neurology division applies its CNS expertise to develop next-generation ammonia-lowering agents with improved safety profiles.

Clinical Advancements:

  • Novel enzyme inhibitors in trials
  • Biomarker identification research
  • Digital monitoring solutions

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5️⃣ 6. Merck & Co., Inc.

Headquarters: Kenilworth, NJ, USA
Key Offering: Metabolic pathway modulators

Merck leverages its hepatology research infrastructure to explore urea cycle enhancement therapies for severe HE cases.

Scientific Approach:

  • Enzyme replacement strategies
  • Hepatic cell therapy research
  • Precision medicine initiatives

4️⃣ 7. Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited

Headquarters: Tokyo, Japan
Key Offering: Specialty liver disease portfolio

Takeda integrates HE management within its broader hepatology franchise, emphasizing personalized treatment algorithms.

Therapeutic Strategy:

  • Disease progression modifiers
  • Comorbidity management solutions
  • Global HE registry participation

3️⃣ 8. Bausch Health Companies Inc.

Headquarters: Laval, Canada
Key Offering: Gastrointestinal/hepatic therapeutics

Beyond Salix products, Bausch Health supports HE treatment through physician education initiatives and patient support programs.

Market Expansion:

  • Emerging market access programs
  • Telehealth integrations
  • Long-term outcomes research

2️⃣ 9. GlaxoSmithKline plc.

Headquarters: Brentford, UK
Key Offering: Antibiotic therapies, metabolic research

GSK applies its antimicrobial expertise to explore gut microbiome modulation approaches for HE prophylaxis.

Innovation Pipeline:

  • Next-gen rifaximin analogs
  • Microbial ecology studies
  • Combination regimen trials

1️⃣ 10. Regional Specialty Pharma Leaders

Geographic Coverage: EU, APAC, LATAM markets
Key Offering: Localized formulations, generic alternatives

Regional players complement global brands by providing cost-effective therapeutic options tailored to local healthcare systems.

Market Role:

  • Biosimilar development
  • Government tenders
  • Community healthcare integration

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🧠 Outlook: The Future of Hepatic Encephalopathy Management

The HE treatment landscape is evolving beyond symptomatic care toward precision interventions targeting disease pathophysiology.

📈 Critical Market Developments:

  • North America maintains leadership (USD 431.56M in 2023) with 5.57% CAGR through 2032
  • Biologic therapies gaining traction for refractory cases
  • Point-of-care ammonia testing enabling personalized dosing
  • Healthcare policies increasingly covering maintenance therapies

🚀 Emerging Opportunities:

  • AI-powered treatment response prediction
  • Gut-brain axis modulation approaches
  • Novel ammonia scavenger chemistries
  • Integrated hepatology-neurology care models

The featured companies are transforming hepatic encephalopathy from a managed condition to a treatable complication of liver disease through scientific innovation and patient-centered drug development.